Summary information

PDB id
7d5e
Class
DNA
Method
X-ray (1.296 Å)
Summary
Left-handed g-quadruplex containing two bulges
Reference
Das P, Ngo KH, Winnerdy FR, Maity A, Bakalar B, Mechulam Y, Schmitt E, Phan AT (2021): "Bulges in left-handed G-quadruplexes." Nucleic Acids Res., 49, 1724-1736. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1259.
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures with a left-handed backbone progression have unique and conserved structural features. Studies on sequence dependency of the structures revealed the prerequisites and some minimal motifs required for left-handed G4 formation. To extend the boundaries, we explore the adaptability of left-handed G4s towards the existence of bulges. Here we present two X-ray crystal structures and an NMR solution structure of left-handed G4s accommodating one, two and three bulges. Bulges in left-handed G4s show distinct characteristics as compared to those in right-handed G4s. The elucidation of intricate structural details will help in understanding the possible roles and limitations of these unique structures.
G4 notes
8 G-tetrads, 2 G4 helices, 2 G4 stems, 2(+P+P+P), parallel(4+0), UUUU, negative twist

Base-block schematics in six views

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List of 8 G-tetrads

 1 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.137 type=planar nts=4 GGGG A.DG1,A.DG4,A.DG8,A.DG12
 2 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.027 type=planar nts=4 GGGG A.DG2,A.DG6,A.DG10,A.DG13
 3 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.079 type=planar nts=4 GGGG A.DG15,A.DG18,A.DG21,A.DG24
 4 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.197 type=other  nts=4 GGGG A.DG17,A.DG20,A.DG23,A.DG26
 5 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.124 type=planar nts=4 GGGG B.DG1,B.DG4,B.DG8,B.DG12
 6 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.052 type=planar nts=4 GGGG B.DG2,B.DG6,B.DG10,B.DG13
 7 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.095 type=planar nts=4 GGGG B.DG15,B.DG18,B.DG21,B.DG24
 8 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- planarity=0.188 type=other  nts=4 GGGG B.DG17,B.DG20,B.DG23,B.DG26

List of 2 G4-helices

In DSSR, a G4-helix is defined by stacking interactions of G-tetrads, regardless of backbone connectivity, and may contain more than one G4-stem.

Helix#1, 4 G-tetrad layers, INTRA-molecular, with 1 stem

 1  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG A.DG1,A.DG4,A.DG8,A.DG12
 2  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG A.DG2,A.DG6,A.DG10,A.DG13
 3  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG A.DG24,A.DG21,A.DG18,A.DG15
 4  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG A.DG23,A.DG20,A.DG17,A.DG26
  step#1  mp(<<,backward) area=11.18 rise=3.25 twist=-28.9
  step#2  mm(<>,outward)  area=29.21 rise=3.30 twist=-10.7
  step#3  pm(>>,forward)  area=12.14 rise=3.28 twist=-26.0
  strand#1 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG A.DG1,A.DG2,A.DG24,A.DG23
  strand#2 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG A.DG4,A.DG6,A.DG21,A.DG20
  strand#3 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG A.DG8,A.DG10,A.DG18,A.DG17
  strand#4 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG A.DG12,A.DG13,A.DG15,A.DG26

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3 stacking diagrams
 1  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG A.DG1,A.DG4,A.DG8,A.DG12
2 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG A.DG2,A.DG6,A.DG10,A.DG13
step#1 mp(<<,backward) area=11.18 rise=3.25 twist=-28.9

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 2  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG A.DG2,A.DG6,A.DG10,A.DG13
3 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG A.DG24,A.DG21,A.DG18,A.DG15
step#2 mm(<>,outward) area=29.21 rise=3.30 twist=-10.7

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 3  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG A.DG24,A.DG21,A.DG18,A.DG15
4 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG A.DG23,A.DG20,A.DG17,A.DG26
step#3 pm(>>,forward) area=12.14 rise=3.28 twist=-26.0

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Helix#2, 4 G-tetrad layers, INTRA-molecular, with 1 stem

 1  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG B.DG1,B.DG4,B.DG8,B.DG12
 2  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG B.DG2,B.DG6,B.DG10,B.DG13
 3  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG B.DG24,B.DG21,B.DG18,B.DG15
 4  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG B.DG23,B.DG20,B.DG17,B.DG26
  step#1  mp(<<,backward) area=11.55 rise=3.26 twist=-28.6
  step#2  mm(<>,outward)  area=29.18 rise=3.30 twist=-10.9
  step#3  pm(>>,forward)  area=11.81 rise=3.25 twist=-26.2
  strand#1 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG B.DG1,B.DG2,B.DG24,B.DG23
  strand#2 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG B.DG4,B.DG6,B.DG21,B.DG20
  strand#3 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG B.DG8,B.DG10,B.DG18,B.DG17
  strand#4 DNA glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- nts=4 GGGG B.DG12,B.DG13,B.DG15,B.DG26

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3 stacking diagrams
 1  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG B.DG1,B.DG4,B.DG8,B.DG12
2 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG B.DG2,B.DG6,B.DG10,B.DG13
step#1 mp(<<,backward) area=11.55 rise=3.26 twist=-28.6

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 2  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- WC-->Major nts=4 GGGG B.DG2,B.DG6,B.DG10,B.DG13
3 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG B.DG24,B.DG21,B.DG18,B.DG15
step#2 mm(<>,outward) area=29.18 rise=3.30 twist=-10.9

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 3  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG B.DG24,B.DG21,B.DG18,B.DG15
4 glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG B.DG23,B.DG20,B.DG17,B.DG26
step#3 pm(>>,forward) area=11.81 rise=3.25 twist=-26.2

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List of 2 G4-stems

In DSSR, a G4-stem is defined as a G4-helix with backbone connectivity. Bulges are also allowed along each of the four strands.

Stem#1, 2 G-tetrad layers, 3 loops, INTRA-molecular, UUUU, parallel, 2(+P+P+P), parallel(4+0)

 1  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG A.DG1,A.DG12,A.DG8,A.DG4
 2  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG A.DG2,A.DG13,A.DG10,A.DG6
  step#1  mp(<<,backward) area=11.18 rise=3.25 twist=-28.9
  strand#1  U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG A.DG1,A.DG2
  strand#2  U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG A.DG12,A.DG13
  strand#3* U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG A.DG8,A.DG10 bulged-nts=1 T A.DT9
  strand#4* U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG A.DG4,A.DG6 bulged-nts=1 T A.DT5
  loop#1 type=propeller strands=[#1,#4] nts=1 T A.DT3
  loop#2 type=propeller strands=[#4,#3] nts=1 T A.DT7
  loop#3 type=propeller strands=[#3,#2] nts=1 T A.DT11

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Stem#2, 2 G-tetrad layers, 3 loops, INTRA-molecular, UUUU, parallel, 2(+P+P+P), parallel(4+0)

 1  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG B.DG1,B.DG12,B.DG8,B.DG4
 2  glyco-bond=---- sugar=---- groove=---- Major-->WC nts=4 GGGG B.DG2,B.DG13,B.DG10,B.DG6
  step#1  mp(<<,backward) area=11.55 rise=3.26 twist=-28.6
  strand#1  U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG B.DG1,B.DG2
  strand#2  U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG B.DG12,B.DG13
  strand#3* U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG B.DG8,B.DG10 bulged-nts=1 T B.DT9
  strand#4* U DNA glyco-bond=-- sugar=-- nts=2 GG B.DG4,B.DG6 bulged-nts=1 T B.DT5
  loop#1 type=propeller strands=[#1,#4] nts=1 T B.DT3
  loop#2 type=propeller strands=[#4,#3] nts=1 T B.DT7
  loop#3 type=propeller strands=[#3,#2] nts=1 T B.DT11

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List of 4 non-stem G4-loops (including the two closing Gs)

 1 type=V-shaped  helix=#1 nts=4 GTGG A.DG15,A.DT16,A.DG17,A.DG18
 2* type=V-shaped  helix=#1 nts=4 GGTG A.DG23,A.DG24,A.DT25,A.DG26
 3 type=V-shaped  helix=#2 nts=4 GTGG B.DG15,B.DT16,B.DG17,B.DG18
 4* type=V-shaped  helix=#2 nts=4 GGTG B.DG23,B.DG24,B.DT25,B.DG26